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Overview of Vietnam sea ports

With the coast line of more than 3260 km, Vietnam have great potential to develop sea ports. Vietnam Biggest ports are from the North to the South with particular advantages.

The construction, development of Vietnam Sea Ports are at present under Decision No. 2190/QĐ-TTg dated 24/12/2009 which is revised by Decision No. 1037/QĐ-TTg dated 24/6/2014 by The Prime Minister on Vietnam Sea Port System Planning to 2020, a Vision to 2030. Accordingly, Vietnam seaport system is divided into 6 groups shown in the below image

Maps Of Vietnam Seaports In Group

Connection between Vietnam and International Shipping Routes

Vietnam currently has 32 shipping routes, in which 25 routes are international shipping routes and 7 routes are local shipping routes

 

Maps Of Vietnam in The Southest Asia Region

 

Clasified by scale and function, Vietnam port system includes:

– National major ports are main ports in Vietnam port system, including:

+ International gateway ports Hai Phong, Ba Ria Vung Tau, transshipment port Van Phong, Khanh Hoa Province (IA type);

+ Regional major ports (Type I) including: Quang Ninh, Nghi Son (Thanh Hoa Province), Nghe An, Ha Tinh, Thua Thien Hue, Da Nang, Dung Quat (Quang Ngai Province), Quy Nhon (Binh Dinh), Ho Chi Minh City, Dong Nai, Can Tho provinces.

– Local major ports (Type II) with attractive range serving mainly within the locality (provinces, cities);

– Specialized ports (Type III) directly serving concentrated industrial facilities, peculiar goods going through ports (crude oil, oil products, coal, ore, cement, clinker, passengers,..) and as one item of the overall industrial facility. Particularly for specialized transshipment ports of imported coal for thermo-electric plants, a focal point for receipt and transshipment to each component of the plant shall be constructed.

List of Major Ports in Vietnam

1	Quang Ninh Seaport	National major port in the region (Type I)
2	Hai Phong Seaport	National general port and an international gateway (Type IA)
3	Thai Binh Seaport	Local major port (Type II)
4	Hai Thinh (Nam Dinh) Seaport	Local major port (Type II)
5	Nghi Son Seaport (Thanh Hoa)	National major port in the region (Type I)
6	Nghe An Seaport	National major port in the region (Type I)
7	Ha Tinh Seaport	National major port in the region (Type I)
8	Quang Binh Seaport	Local major port (Type II)
9	Quang Tri Seaport	Local major port (Type II)
10	Thua Thien Hue Seaport	National major port in the region (Type I)
11	Da Nang Seaport	National major port in the region (Type I)
12	Ky Ha (Quang Nam) Seaport	Local major port (Type II)
13	Dung Quat (Quang Ngai) Seaport	National major port in the region (Type I)
14	Quy Nhon (Binh Dinh) Seaport	National major port in the region (Type I)
15	Vung Ro (Phu Yen) Seaport	Local major port (Type II)
16	Khanh Hoa Seaport	National major port in the region (Type I), Van Phong is under construction to become international container transshipment (Type IA)
17	Ca Na Seaport (Ninh Thuan)	Local major port (Type II)
18	Binh Thuan Seaport	Local major port (Type II)
19	Vung Tau Seaport	National general port, an international gateway in combination with international container transshipment (Type IA)
20	Ho Chi Minh Seaport	National major port in the region (Type I)
21	Dong Nai Seaport	National major port in the region (Type I)
22	Binh Duong Seaport	Local major port (Type II)
23	Can Tho Seaport	National major port in the region (Type I)
24	Tien Giang Seaport	Local major port (Type II)
25	Ben Tre Seaport	Local major port (Type II)
26	Dong Thap Seaport	Local major port (Type II)
27	An Giang Seaport	Local major port (Type II)
28	Hau Giang Seaport	Local major port (Type II)
29	Vinh Long Seaport	Local major port (Type II)
30	Tra Vinh Seaport	Local major port (Type II)
31	Soc Trang Seaport	Local major port (Type II)
32	Bac Lieu Seaport	Local major port (Type II)
33	Nam Can (Ca Mau) Seaport	Local major port (Type II)
34	Kien Giang Seaport	Local major port (Type II)

National general port and an international gateway (Type IA)

Hai Phong Port is a national general port and an international gateway (Type IA) including component ports:

Lach Huyen Port

 

– Lach Huyen port, a main port that mainly handles general cargo and containers imported and exported from long-distance sea routes, capable of receiving 100,000 dwt ships, 8,000 TEU container ships and able to function as an international transshipment in combination. Infrastructure, loading and unloading technology, and exploitation management are synchronous, state-of-the-art and meet international standards. A logistics center in the industrial, service zone right behind port has been established. Lach Huyen port is a top priority for investment in the immediate term including berth, technical infrastructure connected with national network

The International Container Port Tan Cang – Hai Phong (TC-HICT) was started to operate from 13/05/2018. Since April 2019, HICT open two shipping routes direct from Lach Huyen to West of America, Canada (previously, shipping routes from Hai Phong to those ports are transitted via Hong Kong, Singapore. From 01 May 2021, Lach Huyen was approved by Ministry of Transportation to receive mother vessels with up to 132.900 DWT. At present, Lach Huyen is under plan to expand and become deepest port in Vietnam.

– Dinh Vu port, a general and container port for near-distance sea routes, capable of receiving ships of up to 20,000 dwt and over (load to be reduced to match marine conditions);

– Cam River port, a local general port for ships from 5,000 to 10,000 dwt and over (loads to be reduced to match conditions); expansion is not permitted. Relocation and conversion of functions for ports located within the city shall be gradually implemented;

– Nam Do Son port, a potential port that serves national defense and security.

2.Vung Tau port is a national general port, an international gateway in combination with international container transshipment (Type IA) including the following component ports:

Cai Mep – Thi Vai

Cai Mep – Thi Vai has developed 16 long – distance shipping route to USA, European, outstanding compared with other Southeast Asia Countries (only after two hubs are Malaysia and Singapore); Vessels size to/from Cai Mep incresed fast, in 2020, 40% of route service are vessels more than 160.000DWT. The biggest vessel to/from CMIT is 194.000DWT

– Cai Mep port, Sao Mai – Ben Dinh that serves general and container cargo exported, imported from long-distance sea routes and handles international container transshipment cargo in combination; receives ships of 100,000 dwt, container ships of 8,000 TEU or over with infrastructure, loading and unloading technology, port exploitation and services management being comprehensive, modern and meeting international standard; Ports of Cai Mep area shall be constructed and completed in the immediate term;

– Ports of Phu My, My Xuan on Thi Vai river, a general and container port with a number specialized ports serving large-scale industrial – service facilities along the banks of the river, capable of receiving ships from 60,000 to 80,000 dwt and container ships up to 6,000 TEU;

– Long Son port, a specialized port, that serves oil refinery complexes with a buoy berth used for importing crude oil ships of large tonnage and other berths for ships from 30,000 to 80,000 dwt serving import, export of oil & petrochemical products; Coastal area to the south east of Long Son island shall be constructed with a specialized port serving shipbuilding & repair, rigs and planned for development of general port;

– Dinh river port, a specialized port that serves oil and gas exploitation, rig building and repair, with a local general port and other specialized ports for industrial – service facilities, national defense and security, relief and rescue;

– Port of Ben Dam, Con Dao Island, a general port, a connection between cargo and passengers with mainland, capable of receiving cargo and passenger ships up to 5,000 dwt;

– Tourist passenger port in the area of Sao Mai – Ben Dinh that is capable of receiving international passenger ships of 100,000 GT and over (serving as a hub to receive international passenger ships of large tonnage in the entire region);

3. Khanh Hoa port is a national general port in the region (Type I), can be developed in the long–term to serve mainly as an international transshipment in Van Phong (Type IA), including:

Van Phong Port

Van Phong port is under construction and the capacity to receive liquid cargo ships of up expected to be 400,000 DWT.

– Van Phong port as a general and specialized port that is used for large tonnage ships comprising the following functional ports:

+ Dam Mon port (north of Van Phong bay), a general and container port, that has a specialized terminal for international passenger and cargo ships and directly serving Hon Gom, Bac Van urban industrial zones; receiving ships from 100,000 dwt and over; being a potential port for long-term development to serve as an international transshipment;

+ Port at the south of Van Phong bay, a specialized port for liquid cargo, that serves oil refinery complexes, transships petroleum, LPG, imports coal for thermal power and transship bulk cargo, ore; receives ships from 100,000 to 300,000 dwt; has general, container ports for ships from 10,000 to 50,000 dwt serving Ninh Hai, Ninh Thuy, Doc Let – Nam Van Phong urban industrial zones and shipbuilding & repair industry;

– Ba Ngoi port (South of Cam Ranh bay), a general and container port for ships from 30,000 to 50,000 dwt having a specialized port for thermal power plant, cement plant and shipbuilding & repair factory;

– Nha Trang port is gradually converted into a synchronous and modern marine tourism hub meeting international standard, able to receive international passenger ships from 100,000 GT and over as well as other passenger ships on inland North-South routes;

– Truong Sa port (Truong Sa archipelago) for ships from 1,000 to 2,000 dwt providing direct service to the island district;

National major port in the region (Type I)

1. Ho Chi Minh port is a national major port and a hub in the region (Type I) including the following component ports:

– Hiep Phuoc port on Soai Rap river, a general and specialized port that serves as a substitute for existing ports on Soai Rap river and a hub for shipping exports to Mekong Delta region, capable of receiving ships up to 5,000 dwt, container ships of 4,000 TEU; a number of specialized ports serving industrial – service facilities along the river bank, capable of receiving ships from 20,000 to 30,000 dwt; A goods and logistic service distribution center shall be constructed to form a common logistics hub for the port;

– Cat Lai port (on Dong Nai river), a main container port in the immediate term, capable of receiving ships from 20,000 to 30,000 dwt or over (load reduced), in accordance with maritime conditions along navigable channels;

– Ports on the rivers of Saigon, Nha Be shall be relocated and functionally converted under the Decision No. 791/QĐ-TTG dated August 12, 2005; part of a wharf in Khanh Hoi shall be used as an inland passenger terminal and maritime service center. Ports on Nha Be river shall be renovated and upgraded without expansion for ships up to 30,000 dwt; A new passenger port shall be constructed with a synchronous and modern terminal capable of receiving international passenger ships up to 50,000 GT in Phu Thuan (lower course of Phu My Bridge);

– Can Giuoc—Long An port (on Soai Rap river), a general and specialized port for ships from 20,000 to 50,000 dwt and 70,000 dwt (load reduced) to enter and leave through Roai Rap gate, serving mainly as a satellite port of the hub in the area of Ho Chi Minh City;

Ho Chi Minh (Sai Gon) seaport is a system of ports in HCM City including Tan Cang Cat Lai, Cai Mep and Hiep Phuong. It is the gateway of the southern region for trans shipment and import-export activities.

2. Da Nang port is a national general port in the region (Type I), can be developed in the long–term to serve as an international gateway in the central region (Type IA), including the following component ports:

– Tien Sa port, a general and container port, that serves Da Nang City, part of the north western highlands and transit goods from Laos, north east of Thailand; receives ships from 30,000 to 50,000 dwt, container ships up to 4,000 TEU, international passenger ships of 100,000 GT and over with synchronous and state-of-the-art ports;

– Tho Quang port, a general port, that receives ships from 10,000 to 20,000 dwt; has a specialized port for ships from 1,000 to 5,000 dwt;

– A logistics zone in Cau Trang Stream in combination with existing logistics zone should be constructed to serve as a goods distribution center for Tien Sa and Tho Quang ports;

– Lien Chieu port that mainly handles bulk cargo and liquid cargo serving industrial and service facilities here in the immediate term; In the long term (after 2020), it shall be gradually developed to serve as a main port of the international gateway port in the Central region (if conditions are satisfied) receiving ships of 100,000 dwt, container ships from 6,000 to 8,000 TEU;

– Relocation and change of functions of Han River port shall be completed before 2015 in accordance with city socio-economic construction and development planning

dd) Ky Ha Port (Quang Nam) is a local major port (Type II) including:

– Ky Ha port as a general port for ships from 7,000 to 20,000 dwt that has a specialized port to handle fuel, gas and receives ships from 1,000 to 3,000 dwt;

– Tam Hiep port, a general port, that has a specialized port serving Chu Lai, Nui Thanh economic zones and receives ships from 10,000 to 20,000 dwt;

 

 

3. Quy Nhon port (Binh Dinh) is a national major port in the region (Type I) including:

– Quy Nhon – Thi Nai port, a general and container port, that receives ships from 10,000 to 30,000 dwt, has a specialized port for ships from 5,000 to 7,000 dwt;

– Nhon Hoi port, a port potential for later development, that mainly serves large-scale industrial and service facilities expected to take shape here; receives ships from 10,000 to 50,000 dwt; Scale and process of development must meet market demands, capital mobilization capacity of investors; It is necessary to put forward a engineering solution in accordance with peculiarity of natural conditions in the region to ensure economic-technical efficiency of the investment;

– Local satellite ports are developed in Dong Da, De Gi and Tam Quan.

4. Quang Ninh Port is a national major port in the region (Type I) including:

– Cai Lan port is the main port that mainly handles general and container cargo from ships up to 50,000 DWT and container ships up to 4,000 TEU; Focus must be placed on this port along with logistics centers and traffic network behind ports in the immediate term of the planning; Satellite specialized ports include B12 oil port (not to be expanded, relocated, functionally converted before 2020); Specialized ports of bulk cargo of Ha Long Cement, Thermal Power Plant: retain existing scale and make intensive investment to increase capacity (if necessary) and minimize negative effects on the environment. In the long term, construction of these ports is not allowed in the bays of Cua Luc and Ha Long;

– Carry out construction of central passenger port for the area of Quang Ninh and Hai Phong that is able to receive international passenger ships up to 100,000 GT and over in the area of Hon Gai;

– Cam Pha port is a specialized port that handles general cargo and containers, receives ships from 50,000 to 70,000 DWT at berth and 100,000 DWT at transshipment area. Ports of Nam Cau Trang and are satellite ports. Only intensive investment is needed without expansion. Carry out complete construction of an oil port for 20,000 DWT ships at Mong Duong Ward;

– Hai Ha port, a specialized port that directly serves Hai Ha Industrial Zone and northeastern area;

– Van Gia port, a local general port that mainly serves Mong Cai checkpoint city including a transshipment port for ships of up to 10,000 DWT and inland wharves for small vehicles in Dan Tien and wharves on Ka Long River;

– Ports of Mui Chua, Van Hoa, Van Don, local ports serving ships from 3,000 to 5,000 dwt; Mui Chua port, only intended for mining chemical industry along with general cargo for Cao Bang, Lang Son; Van Hoa port mainly serves national defense and security: Van Don port (northeast of Cai Bau Island) handles general cargo for economic zone, receives ships up to 10,000 dwt;

– Yen Hung port, a specialized port with a general and container port receiving ships from 10,000 to 40,000 dwt or more, mainly serving Yen Hung – Dam Nha Mac industrial zone, perform shipbuilding & repairs, receiving oil product supply. This is an auxiliary zone in the master plan of Lach Huyen Port (Hai Phong) to be studied in particular in a separate planning;

– Ports in the island districts of Co To, Bach Long Vi are satellite ports and a hub linked with mainland serving socio-economic development and national defense and security;

5. Nghi Son Port (Thanh Hoa) is national major port in the region (Type I) including:

– Nghi Son port, a general port with a specialized port serving industries of oil refinery, power, coal and cement including the following component ports:

+ Bac Nghi Son port, a specialized port serving oil refinery complexes, cement plants and concentrated industrial facilities; receiving ships up to 50,000 dwt;

+ Nam Nghi Son port, a general port having specialized port receiving coal for thermo-electric plants, serving shipbuilding & repair factory; capable of receiving general and specialized ships from 30,000 to 50,000 dwt;

+ Dao Me port (mainly western waters of the island) is a port receiving crude oil for oil refinery complexes; study and develop a transshipment port to supply coal to coal-fired thermal-power plants in the North Central region; receiving bulk cargo ships of from 100,000 to 200,000 dwt, crude oil ships of from 200,000 to 400,000 dwt

+ Local ports are used for small vehicles from 1,000 to 2,000 dwt and serve as satellites of main ports in Le Mon, Quang Chau, Quang Nham…

6. Ha Tinh Port is a national major port and a hub in the region (Type I) including:

– Vung Ang port as a general port with a specialized port that directly serves Vung An economic zone and is a gateway transshipping transit goods for Laos, north east of Thailand, capable of receiving ships from 30,000 to 50,000 dwt, container ships of up to 4,000 TEU; the specialized port is used to import coal from ships from 30,000 to 100,000 dwt in the north, import and export oil product for 15,000 dwt sips in the south of the general port;

– Son Duong port as a specialized port that serves metallurgy, oil refinery complexes and other heavy industrial zones; receives ships up to 300,000 dwt transporting coal, ore, crude oil, ships from 30,000 to 50,000 dwt exporting products and other goods for industrial facilities here; Son Duong port has a general and container port to support Vung Ang port (in case of capacity overload); a transshipment port should be studied and developed to import coal as a provisional source to serve thermal power plants in the region;

– Local ports of Xuan Hai, Cua Sot are used for ships from 1,000 to 2,000 dwt and serve as satellites of the ports of Vung Ang, Son Duong.

7. Dung Quat Port (Quang Ngai) is national major port in the region (Type I) including:

– Dung Quoc I port, a general and container port with docks serving ships from 10,000 to 50,000 dwt, container ships of up to 4,000 TEU; with specialized docks for exporting oil products of oil refinery complexes, docks serving shipbuilding & repair industry, and specialized dock serving heavy industrial facilities with ships from 20,000 to 150,000 dwt or over (Investors from industrial facilities shall be responsible for investing in navigable channels handling ships over 50,000 dwt);

– Dung Quat II port, a specialized port, that receives ships from 100,000 to 350,000 dwt transporting crude oil, coal and ore providing direct service to oil refinery and metallurgy complexes; handles in combination general and container cargo to support Dung Quat I port serving the development of expanded Dung Quat economic zone in the next phase;

– Sa Ky port, a satellite port, that receives ships from 1,000 to 2,000 dwt;

– Ben Dinh port (Ly Son Island), a local satellite port of the island, that receives cargo ships and passenger ships up to 2,000 dwt;

8. Nghe An Port is national major port and a hub in the region (Type I) including:

– Cua Lo port as a general port that directly serves South East economic zone in Nghe An Province and one of the gateways transshipping transit goods for Laos, north east of Thailand, receives ships of from 10,000 to 20,000 dwt; Development should be accelerated in the north of Cua Lo for handling ships from 30,000 to 50,000 dwt in accordance with demands and process of development of the economic zone;

– Dong Hoi port as a specialized port that directly serves thermal-power plants, cement plants and other concentrated industrial facilities; receiving ships from 30,000 to 50,000 dwt;

– Local ports serves as satellites in Cua Hoi, Ben Thuy, receiving ships from 1,000 to 2,000 DWT;

9. Thua Thien Hue Port is national major port in the region (Type I) including:

– Chan May port, a general port, that directly serves Chan May industrial zone, transit goods from Laos, north east of Thailand; has a specialized port serving shipbuilding & repair industry and a port serving international passenger ships; receives ships from 30,000 to 50,000 dwt and passenger ships up to 100,000 GT and more;

– Thuan An port as a local and satellite general port for ships from 3,000 to 5,000 dwt;

– Other specialized ports that serve cement plants, large-scale industrial and service facilities;

10. Dong Nai port is a national major port and a hub in the region (Type I) including the following component ports:

– Ports of Phuoc An, Go Dau (on Thi Vai river), a main port that mainly handles general and container cargo for ships up to 60,000 dwt in Phuoc An and up to 30,000 dwt in Go Dau; has a number of specialized ports serving riverside industrial facilities;

– Ports of Phu Huu, Nhon Trach (on Dong Nai, Nha Be, Long Tau rivers), a specialized port with a number of general ports handling ships from 10,000 to 30,000 dwt; directly serving urban – industrial zones in Dong Nai and also a new development zone for enterprises that have berths, ports on Saigon, Nha Be river relocated; Progress of construction and development must be synchronized with scale and capacity of traffic network after port.

11. Can Tho port is national major port and also a hub in the region (Type I) including the following component ports:

– Cai Cui port, a main port, that mainly handles general cargo for ships from 10,000 to 20,000 dwt (load reduced), with specialized ports serving industrial – service facilities along the river; to constructed and developed in synchro with traffic network (connected with ports) and goods and service distribution center after port;

– Ports of Hoang Dieu, Binh Thuy: only reinforcement and upgrading is carried out without expansion of existing general ports; arrangement, renovation and relocation of specialized ports; capable of receiving ships up to 10,000 dwt;

– Ports of Tra Noc, O Mon, a specialized port serving industrial – service facilities along the river with a general port supporting Hoang Dieu port; capable of receiving ships from 5,000 to 10,000 dwt;

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